碎片IT资讯

What’s New

VMware Workstation 7.1.4 is a maintenance release that resolves some security issues and known problems. It also adds support for Windows 7 SP1 and Ubuntu 10.10 guest and host operating systems.

Prior Releases of Workstation

Known problems from prior releases of VMware Workstation are described in the release notes for each release. To view release notes for the prior releases of VMware Workstation, see VMware Workstation 7.1.3, VMware Workstation 7.1.2, and VMware Workstation 7.1.

Resolved Issues

The following issues sections list the resolved issues in VMware Workstation 7.1.4.

Security Fixes

• Workstation 7.1.4 addresses a local privilege escalation in the vmrun utility
  VMware vmrun is a utility that is used to perform various tasks on virtual machines. The vmrun utility runs on any platform with VIX libraries installed. It is installed in Workstation by default. In non-standard filesystem configurations, an attacker with the ability to place files into a predefined library path could take execution control of vmrun. This issue is present only in the version of vmrun that runs on Linux
  The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org) has assigned the name CVE-2011-1126 to this issue.

阅读全文…

VMware Workstation is powerful desktop virtualization software for software developers/testers and enterprise IT professionals that runs multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single PC. Winner of more than 50 industry awards, VMware Workstation transforms the way technical professionals develop, test, demo, and deploy software. VMware Workstation is an integral component of any serious technical professional’s toolkit. Innovative features help software developers, QA engineers, sales professionals, and IT administrators to reduce hardware cost, save time, minimize risk, and streamline tasks that save time and improve productivity. With support for over 200 operating systems including Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2 and over 20 other versions of Windows, along with Redhat, Ubuntu, OpenSuse and 26 additional versions of Linux. VMware Workstation delivers the broadest guest platform support for running multiple operating systems at the same time on your PC.

Features & Benefits:

• Comprehensive Windows 7 support, including Easy install, 3D Graphics Support, live thumbnails, desktop preview, and XP mode.
• Install and run VMware vSphere 4 and VMware ESXi as a guest OS.
• AutoProtect makes it easy to go back in time when things were good, with automatic hourly, daily, or weekly snapshots.
• Remote Replay Debugging makes it easier to analyze and to debug hard-to-reproduce software defects.

Essential features such as virtual networking, live snapshots, drag and drop and shared folders, and PXE support make VMware Workstation the most powerful and indispensable tool for enterprise IT developers and system administrators.

VMware Workstation provides the most dependable, high performing, and secure virtual machine platform. It offers the broadest host and guest operating system support, the richest user experience, and the most comprehensive feature set. Automate and streamline tasks to save time and improve productivity. Run applications in Linux, Windows, and more at the same time on the same PC with no rebooting. Evaluate and test new operating systems, applications and patches in an isolated environment. Demonstrate complex software applications on a single laptop in a repeatable, reliable manner. Rich integration with Visual Studio, Eclipse, and the SpringSource Tool Suite make it incredibly easy to debug applications on multiple platforms.

下载链接：VMware Workstation 7.1.1 Build 282343

在VMware虚拟机（VMware Workstation或VMware Server）中我们可以同时运行多个Guest OS，当同时在同一Host OS中运行多台虚拟机时势必会严重影响到Host OS的运行效率和性能。那么我们如何对虚拟机进行优化以达到最佳的资源利用率呢？在本文中碎片同学将向大家介绍10种目前通行的做法。

10、安装VMware Tools

在Windows或Linux虚拟机中安装完VMware Tools 后将会在很大程度上提升虚拟机的性能。首先，我们可以使用SVGA分辨率而不仅仅是标准VGA，这显然增强了虚拟机的图形及图像处理性能。其次，可实现鼠标在Host OS及Guest OS之间的同步，您不再需要使用Ctrl-Alt在Host OS及Guest OS之间切换鼠标，这使得鼠标的使用性能和效率也有提提升。最后，您可以在Host OS及Guest OS之间实现复制、剪切和粘贴操作。安装VMware Tools的步骤也非常简单，您只需要在VMware管理界面中点击VM -> Install VMware Tools即可。如下图：

9、整理虚拟机磁盘

同其它操作系统一样，在长时间运行之后磁盘文件会产生很多碎片，Guest OS也是如此。当我们在虚拟机中增加或删除文件时，随着时间的推移，虚拟磁盘也将会产生很多碎片。为了保持虚拟机的磁盘性能，碎片建议大家定期对虚拟机磁盘进行碎片整理。我个人比较推荐使用像Diskkeeper这样的整理工具，当然您也可以使用Windows自带的磁盘碎片整理程序。如下图：

请记住，虚拟机操作系统也需要像Host OS那样进行定期维护。

8、禁用视觉效果

在Windows中有一些通用的视觉效果，这些视觉效果让Windows看起来非常酷，各种界面的操作和过渡非常自然。然而在虚拟机当中，这些视觉效果就不太适用了。这些视觉效果需要采用过多的CPU和GPU来进行处理，这样势必会拖慢虚拟机对应用的处理和执行。因此，碎片建议大家在虚拟机当禁用“视觉效果”以达到稍许的性能提升。

在Windows中禁用视觉效果的通行操作步骤如下：右击“计算机”选择“属性”——点击“高级系统设置”——在“性能”区域中选择“设置”——在“视觉效果”选项卡中选择“调整为最佳性能”并“确认”。如下图：

最后碎片还建议您禁用虚拟机的屏保，因为实在是没啥必要。。。。

7、全屏模式操作虚拟机

当我们做某个测试时，大部分操作都是在虚拟机窗口中进行的，当我们以全屏模式在虚拟机中进行操作时，会获得更高的图形处理性能。要将VMware虚拟机切换到全屏模式，可以直接按下Ctrl – Alt – Enter键，要退出全屏模式请按Ctrl – Alt。

6、在VMware中禁用光驱

每当我们对虚拟机进行开机、登录和关机的时候，Windows和VMware都会尝试读取光驱是是否有光盘，这会在一定程度上影响到虚拟机的性能。特别是VMware会尝试读取Host OS的光驱中是否有光盘，这也会严重影响到操行效率，因此禁用虚拟机的CDROM也可以提升其性能。

我们可在VM -> Settings （或Ctrl-D）中取消Connected和Connect at Power-On这两个选中。如下图：

5、将虚拟磁盘文件分布到多块物理硬盘上

无论何时，我们都可以将数据分布在多块不同的物理磁盘上以获取更高的磁盘I/O性能。当然，这种设计和思想同样也适用于VMware。例如您在环境中测试或运营SQL Server或Exchange Server，则可以将其应用程序、事务日志及数据库文件分别存放到3个不同的虚拟磁盘文件当中，然后再将这3个虚拟磁盘文件分布到3块不同的物理硬盘上，以获取更高的磁盘性能。或者，我们也可以对物理磁盘使用RAID以提升虚拟机磁盘文件读写的性能。

4、更改页面文件存放位置

Windows会自动保留一小部分硬盘空间用于存放pagefile.sys页面文件，当系统没有足够的物理内存时，虚拟内存的页面文件将被作为一个数据和代码的临时存放空间。通过将虚拟内存的存放位置放到非系统分区时，也可以提升Host OS的性能，同样也就达到了提升Guest OS性能的目的。

我们可通过如下步骤来更改页面文件存储位置：在桌面上右击“计算机”选择“属性”——点击“高级系统设置”——选择“高级”选项卡的“性能”项目中点击“设置”——选择“高级“选项卡。如下图：

3、升级磁盘

升级到更高速的磁盘转速可在很大程度上提高虚拟机性能，此外，当您的更换高速硬盘时也不妨考虑下RAID阵列以提高冗余和性能（取决于您选择的RAID类型）。

2、升级CPU

您的CPU需要能够应付和处理Host OS及多个Guest OS的运算任务，当然对于任何应用程序来说，一颗更快的CPU都将提供更高的运算速率。

1、增加内存

在我看来，增加内存对Host OS及Guest OS的性能都有本质上的提升，而相对于CPU和磁盘来说内存的成本是最廉价的。通过增加内存，我们可以分配更多的内存给每个虚拟机，以防止Host OS与Guest OS过多的数据和资源交换。

总结

我们已经简要介绍了10种用于提升VMware Workstation和VMware Server性能的方法，其中有软件方面的优化方式也有针对硬件的加强和提升，通过这10种方法相信您已能根据需要随时并灵活的对虚拟机进行优化。